In his second book, Andre Gunder Frank expands  on the theme presented in his influential study Capitalism and  Underdevelopment in Latin America. It is the colonial structure of world  capitalism, in his view, which produced and maintains the  underdevelopment characteristic of Latin America and the rest of the  Third World. This colonial structure penetrates everywhere in Latin  America, forming and transforming all its features in obedience to its  own imperatives and thereby imposing upon the region those  characteristic features of poverty and backwardness which are not  primarily the remnants of an ancient "feudal" past but the direct  products of capitalism. This development of underdevelopment will  persist, Frank argues, until the people of Latin America free themselves  from world capitalism by means of revolution.