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Fools' Crusade

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January 2003

ISBN:
1-58367-084-X
$19.95 paper


288 pp.

International Relations/Yugoslavia

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FOOLS’ CRUSADE

Yugoslavia, NATO, and Western Delusions

by Diana Johnstone


“[Diana] Johnstone presents a picture strikingly different from the one known to the public …. The book serves as a useful correction to one-sided mainstream reporting about Yugoslavia’s breakup.” — CHOICE

“[Diana Johnstone] is the outstanding Left analyst of the Balkans.” — EDWARD HERMAN

Military interventions on supposedly humanitarian grounds have become an established feature of the post–Cold War global order. Since September 11, this form of militarism has taken on new and unpredictable proportions. Diana Johnstone’s well-documented study demonstrates that a crucial moment in establishing in the public mind—and above all, within the political context of liberalism and the left—the legitimacy of such interventions was the “humanitarian” bombing of the former Yugoslavia in 1999.

In the course of the civil wars that led to the break-up of Yugoslavia, a complex history came to be presented as a morality play in which the parts were scripted to meet the moral needs of the capitalist West. The identification of Muslims as defenseless victims and Serbs as genocidal monsters inflamed fears and hatreds within Yugoslavia, and prepared the way for power to be shifted from the people of the region to such international agencies as NATO.

Fools’ Crusade tests the popular myths against the reality of Yugoslav history. Johnstone identifies the common geopolitical interests running through such military interventions, and argues persuasively that they create problems rather than solving them. She shows that the “Kosovo war” was in reality the model for future destruction of countries seen as potential threats to the hegemony of an “international community” currently being redefined to exclude or marginalize all but those who conform to the interests of the United States.

A concluding chapter shows how the script prepared for Yugoslavia is being re-enacted in Afghanistan. Whether Milosevic’s trial before the International Court at the Hague or the capture of bin Laden will provide an adequate conclusion to this ideological play-making, remains an open question.


Table of Contents

Introduction

Chapter One: The Yugoslav Guinea Pig
1. Invisible Serbia
2. invisible Economic Causes
3. Invisible Croatia
4. Greater Serbia or Smaller Yugoslavia
5. Integrating Europe, Disintegrating Yugoslavia
6. Multicultural Bosnia, Multicultural Yugoslavia

Chapter Two: Moral Dualism in a Multicultural World
1. Manichean Media
2. Creating Public Opinion
3. The Uses of Rape
4. Criminalizing the Rogues
5. Presumed Guilty Until Proven Innocent
6. The Long Arm of Globalization

Chapter Three: Comparative Nationalisms
1. From State-Building to State-Breaking
2. Slovenia: The End of Solidarity
3. Croatian Nationalism: The End of Yugoslavism

Chapter Four: The Making of Empires
1. Germany is Born Again
2. Reclaiming the Habsburg Heritage

Chapter Five: The New Imperial Model
1. Albanians
2. Victims and Vengeance
3. The Triumph of Hatred
4. Democracy in the New World Order

Postscript: Perpetual War
1. The idealization of War
2. The Real Existing New World Order

Notes
Index


About the Author
DIANA JOHNSTONEis a distinguished researcher and commentator on contemporary global politics. She is the author of The Politics of Euromissiles: Europe’s Role in America’s World(Verso, 1985). Her writings have been published in New Left Review, Counterpunch, and Covert Action Quarterly.


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